“伊斯兰国”把中国作为下一个打击对象

今年三月，伊斯兰国发布视频称，首次将中国作为打击对象，誓要让中国“血流成河”。中国一向和中东井水不犯河水，“伊斯兰国”此举到底为何?他们此言又到底是不是虚张声势呢?

译者：杨 阳

校对：武守晗

策划：唐可可

The Islamic State Pledged To Attack China Next. Here’s Why.

“伊斯兰国”把中国作为下一个打击对象

The Islamic State is now setting its sights on China, releasing on Monday a half-hour video in which they pledged to “shed blood like rivers” in attacks against Chinese targets. Experts say it’s the first threat the terrorist organization has leveled against China.

“伊斯兰国”把目光投向中国，他们在周一发布了一个时长半小时的视频,称要将中国人作为袭击对象，让中国“血流成河”。专家称，这是该恐怖组织首次对中国进行威胁。

“Oh, you Chinese who do not understand what people say. We are the soldiers of the Caliphate, and we will come to you to clarify to you with the tongues of our weapons, to shed blood like rivers and avenging the oppressed,” an Islamic State fighter said in the video, which was analyzed and translated by U.S.-based SITE Intelligence Group. The video showed fighters, including heavily-armed children, praying, giving speeches, and executing suspected informants.

“你们这些听不懂人话的中国人，我们是哈里发国的战士，我们要用武器让你们看清事实，让你们血流成河，为受压迫的人报仇。”某“伊斯兰国” 武装人员在视频中说道。这段话由位于美国的赛德情报集团翻译。视频中包含了“伊斯兰国”武装人员祈祷、演讲、处死涉嫌告密者的画面，武装人员中还包括全副武装的儿童。

The video appeared to be the terrorist group’s “first direct threat” against China, Michael Clarke of the Australian National University, told AFP.

澳大利亚国立大学的迈克尔•克莱克(Michael Clarke)告诉法新社(AFP)记者，该视频应该是“伊斯兰国”首次对中国进行直接威胁。

At first glance, China may seem like a strange target for the Islamic terrorist group. It has no real military footprint in the Middle East, and while Beijing is getting more involved in the region’s energy business, it’s not involved in the U.S.-led anti-ISIS coalition in Iraq and Syria. But experts say China entered the terrorist group’s crosshairs over its treatment of ethnic minority Muslims, the Uighurs, who are concentrated in the western Chinese province of Xinjiang.

乍看上去，伊斯兰恐怖组织将中国作为打击对象很奇怪。中国没有在中东采取军事措施。北京虽然与该地区的能源贸易关系日益紧密，但并没有参与美国主导的在伊拉克和叙利亚的反“伊斯兰国”联盟。不过专家称，“伊斯兰国”之所以盯上中国，是因为中国对待信奉伊斯兰教的新疆维吾尔族的方式让他们不满。

Beijing is taking an increasingly hard line against unrest there. On Monday, thousands of police — backed by helicopters and armored vehicles — staged a mass rally, the fourth this year, as a show of force, Reuters reported. A Xinjiang Communist Party official pulled no punches as 1,500 cops were dispatched to problematic cities.

北京加大力度打击新疆的动乱。据路透社报道，为显示军事力量，本周一数千名警察在新疆进行了今年第四次集结，直升机和装甲车到场助阵。1500名警察被派入动乱城市，新疆某共产主义官员不留情面。

“Bury the corpses of terrorists and terror gangs in the vast sea of the people’s war,” Reuters reported the official saying.

根据路透社的报导，该官员称：“让暴恐团伙和暴恐分子葬身于人民战争的汪洋大海。”

Amnesty International slammed the Chinese government for its past crackdowns on the group, including repressing religious ceremonies and jailing Uighurs. China’s “anti-Islamic policies have pushed some even moderate Muslims to radical outlets,” said Dru Gladney, an expert on Western China at Pomona College.

“大赦国际”严厉指责中国政府的镇压行为，指责他们打压宗教庆祝活动、关押维吾尔族人。中国的“反伊斯兰政策让一些中立的穆斯林变得极端”，波莫纳学院研究中国西部问题的专家杜威说道。

A 2016 study from New America, a Washington-based think tank, found 114 Uighurs from Xinjiang joined ISIS. Xinjiang furnished the highest number of foreign ISIS fighters from any one province of the world outside of Saudi Arabia and Tunisia, the study found.

根据位于华盛顿的智库“新美国”2016年的报告，已有114名来自新疆的维吾尔族人加入“伊斯兰国”。该研究显示，除了沙特阿拉伯和突尼斯外，新疆是为“伊斯兰国”输送最多外籍武装人员的省份。

The video could garner ISIS more publicity in Western China and spark inspiration for new attacks, Gladney told Foreign Policy. But he cautioned it didn’t necessarily mean ISIS would begin directly coordinating terrorist assaults in China.

杜磊告诉《外交政策》的记者，该视频能让“伊斯兰国”在中国西部得到更多宣传，鼓励进行更多袭击。但他也称，这并不是说“伊斯兰国”真要开始直接组织对中国的袭击。

Ethnic Uighurs have carried out terrorist attacks already, including a May 2014 attack in the Xin¬jiang region’s capital of Urumqi that killed 43 and wounded 90. But for the most part, Uighur extremists carry out attacks on a much smaller and less coordinated scale. That likely won’t change, despite newfound ISIS-backing, Gladney said.

“维吾尔族人已经实施了一些恐怖袭击，其中2014年发生在乌鲁木齐的袭击导致43人死亡， 90人受伤。但大多数时候，维吾尔族人的袭击规模较小，组织性较差。尽管现在得到“伊斯兰国”的支持，这种情况也不会改变。”杜威说道。

But the Chinese government’s heavy-handed tactics to root out extremism, including military mobilizations and violent repression, could backfire and fuel the rise of more extremism, he added. “They have been trying to swat flies with baseball bats,” he said.

“但中国政府采取高压手段来根除极端主义，包括军事行动和暴力镇压，可能会事与愿违并且催生更多极端主义行为，” 杜威补充道 ，“他们就像在用网球拍狠狠地打苍蝇。”

外媒简介

《外交事务》(英文原名：Foreign Affairs)，由美国着名的智库——“外交关系委员会”主办，为美国国际事务及外交政策研究领域最权威、影响力最大的学术杂志之一。杂志于1922年开始出版。

学习笔记

【重点词汇】

【crosshair】 n.十字准线，瞄准线

But experts say China entered the terrorist group’s crosshairs over its treatment of ethnic minority Muslims, the Uighurs, who are concentrated in the western Chinese province of Xinjiang.

不过专家称，“伊斯兰国”之所以盯上中国，是因为中国对待信奉伊斯兰教的新疆维吾尔族的方式让他们不满。

【furnish】 v.为某人[某物]提供某事物

Xinjiang furnished the highest number of foreign ISIS fighters from any one province of the world outside of Saudi Arabia and Tunisia, the study found.

该研究显示，除了沙特阿拉伯和突尼斯外，新疆是为“伊斯兰国”输送最多外籍武装人员的省份。

【知识拓展】

【哈里发】

“哈里发”在阿拉伯语中意为“合法继承人”,在伊斯兰教先知穆罕默德去世后,历届伊斯兰帝国国王自认为是穆罕默德的合法继承人,穆斯林的领袖,自称“哈里发”。